(I can't call him lord). The modern history of Nigeria - as a political state encompassing 250 to 400 ethnic groups of widely varied cultures and modes of political organization - dates from the completion of the British conquest in 1903 and the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria into the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria in 1914. Several Nigerian scholars and statesmen have expressed contending views about the risks and incentives of this amalgamation. Amalgamation of Nigeria | Historical Atlas of Sub-Saharan ... Northern Nigeria from 1900 to 1906; Governor of Hong Kong from 1907 to 1912; Governor of Northern and Southern Nigeria from 1912 to 1914 and Governor-General of Nigeria from 1914 to 1918. Answer (1 of 6): Southern Nigeria was a British protectorate in the coastal areas of modern-day Nigeria formed in 1900 from the union of the Niger Coast Protectorate with territories chartered by the Royal Niger Company below Lokoja on the Niger River. In essence, reference to the Boko Haram phenomenon as one of the factors that underscores the mistake of the 1914 amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria may well be out . The theme of the 1914 Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria has widely attracted scholarship. WELCOME TO THE LIBRARY!!! Lord lugard the first governor general led the Amalgamation (he was one the one to propose it first) and the final signature was his. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . Amalgamation of Nigeria in 1914 Was Purely a British Interest. All because of a selfish Lugard. This is the history of Northern Nigeria. introduction, the general character of Nigeria (p5), ethnography (p5), the advent of British rule (p6), character of British administration (p6), necessity of amalgamation, finance (p7), railways (pp7, 48-53), decision to amalgamate (pp7-8), method of . The Amalgamation of Nigeria was a Fraud. Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, known as Sir Frederick Lugard was the governor general of Nigeria from 1914 to 1919. Nigeria, the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Police Departments of Nigeria seems to have received little academic attention. Before this event, the Nigerian state had been a political entity with numerous diversities which made governance difficult. "the 1914 amalgamation of nigeria:historic fraud or act of god" - tayo oke By Tayo Oke On January first, 2014, it will be one hundred years since the colonial robber Baron, Lord Frederick John Dealtry Lugard (1858-1945), made the audacious decision to bring what was then the Northern part of the Niger (area) in unison with the Southern part, to . To this end, Lugard was appointed Governor of both the Northern and Southern In the annals of Nigeria's history; one chapter that has remained till today controversial and very elusive to candid clarification is the amalgamation of 1914. The oil producing states known as the southern Nigeria and the North has also been turned to a dependent territory under the British powers in 1900. Combining the three jurisdictions would reduce administrative expenses and facilitate deployment of resources and money between the areas. THE NEED TO CONCENTRATE EFFECTIVE POWER AT THE CENTRE Before the amalgamation exercise , governmental powers were shared among the administrative areas namely the protectorates and the colony of Lagos. C) 2007. But do they have a choice? First the Lagos colony and the Southern Protectorate were merged on May 1, 1906 while the unification with the . The Northern protectorate predominantly Muslim and animist and the Southern protectorate largely Christians were aggressively "westernizing". The rain that beat Nigeria began more than a decade ago, from the resolutions of the Berlin conference of 1884/1885 to the economic-driven amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914 by Lord Lugard. Like many sub-Saharan African states, Nigeria is an artificial creation, rather than an organically developed state. Lugard later prepared a detailed report titled 'Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria and Administration 1912-1919' which he submitted to the British Parliament. By Richard Akinjide. In the Nigerian context, this word means the joining together of two separate regions together in order to form one country. There were only 28 individuals involved in the forceful Amalgamation of the South and the North Protectorate. 1005. What are you looking for Book "Report By Sir F Lugard On The Amalgamation Of Northern And Southern Nigeria" ?Click "Read Now PDF" / "Download", Get it for FREE, Register 100% Easily. According to one famous modern nationalist of Nigeria, Sir Ernest Ikoli said in BBC Witness History programme that the current Northern (Muslim . Parliament. After the amalgamation of the Southern and Northern protectorate, there was nothing like the northern and southern Nigeria Protectorate with different policies and laws, what we now had was the northern and southern provinces which conform to same policies such as one railway policy, one administration while its central headquarter was located . The rain that beat Nigeria began more than a decade ago, from the resolutions of the Berlin conference of 1884/1885 to the economic-driven amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914 by Lord Lugard. The misfortune of colonization led to the partitioning of Ogu people into Nigeria, Benin Republic, Togo, Ghana, and Ivory Coast. You can read all your books for as long as a month for FREE and will get the latest Books Notifications. Their presence in the north it was all connected with the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria in 1914 by the British. Their presence in the north it was all connected with the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria in 1914 by the British. The following is a comparative table of revenue for the years 1913 and 1914. Nigeria became a country following the amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates by Frederick Lugard in 1914. Culture, language, religion, government, and commerce differentiated many of these states, kingdoms, and ethnic groups. After the amalgamation of the Southern and Northern protectorate, there was nothing like the northern and southern Nigeria Protectorate with different policies and laws, what we now had was the northern and southern provinces which conform to same policies such as one railway policy, one administration while its central headquarter was located . History of Amalgamation of Nigeria in 1914 By Lord Lugard As at 1861, Lagos was already an area that was controlled by the colonial masters and it was known as the Lagos colony. In 1914, the British Protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria were amalgamated by Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard, a mercenary, soldier, explorer and colonial administrator. On January 1914, The British officially launched the union of Nigeria, which was initially lumped together in two entities - Northern and Southern Nigeria. Nairaland Forum / Nairaland / General / Politics / House Where Lugard Signed Amalgamation Of Northern Southern Nigeria. What led to the amalgamation of Southern and Northern Protectorate in 1914? Author: . Answer (1 of 2): The amalgamation was an administrative fiat of Nigeria by the British colonialist overlord for economic and administrative convenience. "I was in the first cabinet that was overthrown by the military in this country. It is now what is referred to as fake news. Owing to the exclusion of certain Departments from the administrations of Northern and Southern Nigeria and thei formatior n into " Central" or " Combined " Depart­ READ ALSO: Was the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria in 1914 a mistake? Lugard In Nigeria: Report On The Amalgamation Of Northern And Southern Nigeria And Administration, 1912 19 (Library Of African Study)|Frederick John Lugard, When Angels Weep|Mary Ann Mulhern, Houghton Mifflin Nostros El Publo: Ed Letsrd Bio Juarez L2 JUAREZ|HOUGHTON MIFFLIN, Two Lectures Delivered At Newcastle-upon-tyne, On The Constitutions And Republican Institutions Of The United States . It is however important to note that the theme is among the critical national issues that are heavily politicised and misrepresented in the intellectual Academic circle. I read recently Chief Richard Akinjide, SAN, former Attorney General and Minister of justice during the Shagari fair weather administration between 1979 and 1983, account on how Lord Lugard and Britain's amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria since 1914, is the reason Nigeria has refused to grow and develop. The Historical Map of Northern Africa (1 January 1914 - Amalgamation of Nigeria: By the 1910s the British had mostly pacified Northern Nigeria but found administering the region difficult and costly. T. It is generally accepted that in 1966 there were over 2 million Easterners in Northern Nigeria. In the annals of Nigeria's history; one chapter that has remained till today controversial and very elusive to candid clarification is the amalgamation of 1914. The amalgamation of Southern and Northern Nigeria whic, to h mote extended reference will be made in a paragraph subsequen took ,t effect on the 1s Januaryt 19U, , and the accounts of Nigeria are presented as a whole, for the first time thi, ins report. D) 2060 The first high commissioner was Ralph Moor. Strangers especially non-Moslems, had no place in the society. This was done by the British in the year 1914 by the Governor-General called Lord Frederick Luggard. Answer (1 of 2): Everything about it is wrong. On The Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria And Administration, 1912 - 1919 Together with supplementary unpublished Amalgamation reports, and other relevant documents Compiled and introduced by A. H. M. Kirk-Greene Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. 1968 NOTE: This document comprises Pages 271 - 277 only (NAU) A Documentary Record From its foundation, southern Nigeria was administered by a high commissioner. Richard Akinjide and Frederick Lugard who amalgamated the northern and southern protectorates in 1914. Right up to the eve of amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Protectorates wrangles between their respective administrations over control of the northern sector of the Lagos line continued with the North accusing the South of refusing to book goods bound for Jebba and shipment down the Niger and the South accusing the North of giving . Amalgamation of Nigeria. The historic amalgamation of northern and southern protectorate of Nigeria unrolled through historical processes. That time the Northern and Southern protectorates were two different entities that were ruled simultaneously by the British. The area that is now modern-day northern Nigeria was once dominated during prehistoric times by the Nok civilization. His main. The story of leaders of ethnic nationalities signing amalgamation document in 1914 is a hoax. It is generally accepted that in 1966 they were over 2 million Easterners in Northern Nigeria. Because Southern Nigeria paid customs charges and North Nigeria did none, a little portion of the latter's income was given to the latter. The British colonial enterprise put together several ethnic nations in one state without their real consent, in the Amalgamation of the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and the Southern Nigeria Protectorate of Lagos in 1914. Every student of history in Nigeria knows that the amalgamation took place in 1914 when the Northern and Southern Protectorates were merged into a single colony. Prehistoric Era. Report by Sir F. Lugard on the Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria Author(s) . / This Is The House Where Gen Buhari Was Born (photos) + Meet His Sister Prior to the 15thc was the era of state formations and emergence of kingdoms. For the records, Ogu people, who speak the language called Ogu (although erroneously called Egun) had been part of this space before colonization and amalgamation of the Southern and Northern Protectorates of Nigeria. The Northern protectorate predominantly Muslim and animist and. amalgamation was an administrative fiat of Nigeria by the British colonialist overlord for economic and administrative convenience. It is on this note that this paper examines the historical factors that influenced the amalgamation of the two departments in April 1930. Former reference in its original department: African No. Unfortunately, although they wer. To alleviate these problems, Northern Nigeria were amalgamated with Southern Nigeria to form the single Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria in 1914. When Lagos was amalgamated with the rest of southern Nigeria in 1906, the then high commissioner Walter Egerton was made into Governor of the territory. The amalgamation of the colony and protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria, the seed of federalism,were not sowed until 1946, by the Richard constitution. Document Of Nigeria's Amalgamation In 1914 (picture) by Iyaniwura123: 5:51am On Feb 21, 2013. The rest were all British citizens. A) 2014. There is a general agreement in Nigeria today that the "amalgamation" of the north and south was a mistake, yet the event has to be celebrated 100 years on. Great Britain -- History -- 20th century -- Sources. In vie owf the amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria on January 1st, 1914 thu, s is the last review of the accounts of Northern Nigeria as a separate Protectorate. When the British set foot on the area presently known as Nigeria, it was a cacophony of many nations; nations which . Out of the 28, only 6 were Nigerians. Northern Nigeria, was selected for the task of operational management of the amalgamation process, putting forward a proposal to the Secretary for the Colonies- Lewis Harcourt, which was accepted. The Old Supreme Court Building, Tinubu Square. The 1914 Amalgamation that occurred shortly after the naming of Nigeria was one of the significant moments for British administration in Africa and a pivotal one for colonial Nigeria. Report by Sir F. Lugard on the Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria Author(s) . One word: Amalgamation. The shelf life of the entity NIGERIA has EXPIRED and thus a . One good step might be to require federal schools to retain a certain . Flag of the Royal Niger Company Flag of the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria Flag of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria 20. Though most of this Many today (in fact since 2014) say that there was an ouster or severance clause inserted into the amalgamation treaty, and that it has since expired. Tuesday, April 21, 2020 9:01 am. Due to inadequate resources and money to manage the North, South and Lagos colony profitably and to reduce administrative cost the three regions were merged together. To alleviate these problems, Northern Nigeria were amalgamated with Southern Nigeria to form the single Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria in 1914. Map of Nigeria Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Protectorates. (1) For example, in the 1959 general elections the National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) scored 2,594,577 votes, which is the highest representing 34% of total votes cast; Action Group (AG) came second with 1,992,364 votes or 26.1%, whereas the Northern . Held by: The National Archives, Kew. Amalgamation Amalgamation of Nigeria was envisioned from early on in its governance, as is made clear by the report of the Niger Committee in 1898. By the 1910s the British had mostly pacified Northern Nigeria but found administering the region difficult and costly. However, many of the divisions between the north and . lugard and the amalgamation of nigeria a documentary record being a reprint of the report by sir f d lugard on the amalgamation of northern and southern nigeria and administration 1912 1919 presented to parliament by command of his majesty december 1919 cmd 468 1920 together with supplementary unpublished amalgamation reports and other relevant … The amalgamation was an administrative fiat of Nigeria by the British colonialist overlord for economic and administrative convenience. Venue of the amalgamation ceremony, January 1 1914. In this post, we take a look at how this came to be and the history behind it. Hence, Nigeria was formed by the amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates by the colonial master. This the foundation for the amalgamation of the Northern work seeks to explore the concept of amalgamation, and the Southern protectorates in 1914. Sir Kitoyi Ajasa Dear Reader, 2 'Report by Sir F. D. Lugard on the Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria and Administration, 1912-1919 (1920)', 7. Northern Nigeria's imbalance was compounded by the duty-free importation of goods from Southern Nigeria, as well as the high expenses of transporting commodities to Southern Nigeria for exportation. Question The centenary anniversary of the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria will be celebrated in Options. The fusion of the colony of Lagos to the the false marriage with the sobriquet; amalgamation southern protectorate by Sir Walter Egerton in 1906 laid where different entities were fused to live as one. B) 2063. The Northern protectorate predominantly Muslim and animist and the Southern protectorate largely Christians were aggressively "westernizing". The northern protectorate was then linked to the southern protectorate through road and railway systems. Nigeria, the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Police Departments of Nigeria seems to have received little academic attention. He died on 11 April 1945. The ill-conceived connubial resolution that brought Southern Nigeria and Northern Nigeria together in 1914 is up till today being debated to . In recent times, many agitators claim that the 1914 amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria was an agreement to merge endorsed by the peoples of those regions. It is on this note that this paper examines the historical factors that influenced the amalgamation of the two departments in April 1930. the Native Courts Proclamation that reviewed the Native Courts in Northern Nigeria. We're suffering the consequences now. House of Commons. VANGUARD: Pls, this issue of amalgamation of north and Southern Nigeria has been over flogged, Nigeria has move from a vegetative state which it was BOXED into by South east geographical region,. Nigeria Amalgamation of 1914 by Lord Lugard was a very bad unproductive human experiment aim at creating an unbalance system. Nigeria as a colony After the British government assumed direct control of the Royal Niger Company's territories, the northern areas were renamed the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, and the land in the Niger delta and along the lower reaches of the river was added to the Niger Coast Protectorate, which was renamed the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. [1] 1914 map of Southern and Northern Nigeri. Legal status: Prior to granting the federation status to Nigeria, in March 1953, the late Sultan of Sokoto (who became Premier of the defunct Northern region), Sir Ahmadu Bello, told the Parliament that the 1914 amalgamation of the Northern and Southern Protectorates was a mistake and the northern region will not like to proceed further with the accord. On Amalgamation Day, January 1, 1914, Lord Lugard announced the unification of the Northern and Southern Provinces of Nigeria, adding that the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria will be placed under the control of a single officer who would be known by the title of Governor-General.Lugard himself… -PICS (71004 Views) The House Where Andrew Yakubu Hid Over N3bn And Its Surrounding (Photos) / Document Amalgamating Northern & Southern Nigeria Expired. The amalgamation, now being celebrated by the Federal Government, was certainly very unpopular in both Northern and Southern Nigeria at the time, and was vigorously opposed by the educated Lagos . With the amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria on 1 st January 1914, the Native Court Ordinance 1915- 1918 ushered in a system which was consistent with, and enhanced the amalgamated political structure. When the British set foot on the area presently known as Nigeria, it was a cacophony of many nations; nations which . The Convener: Dr. O. Igho Natufe (Institute for African Studies, Moscow, Russia); e-mail: igho.natufe@inafr.ru The Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria were amalgamated by British Colonial Governor Fredrick Lugard in January 1914. Report by Sir F. D. Lugard on the amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria, and Administration 1912-1919 (Nigeria: Amalgamation and Administration) 20th century House of Commons sessional papers Parliamentary papers Subjects: Great Britain. Is 1914 Amalgamation A Blessing Or A Curse? In 1912, Lord Frederick Lugard was appointed Governor-General of both Northern and Southern Nigeria with the mandate to unite the two Protectorates. Flag of the Colony of Lagos- 1861 Flag of the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria- 1914 Amalgamation of Nigeria. Description: Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria; correspondence (202 pages) Date: 1913 May 15 - 1914 January 27. The actual amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria requires conscious effort on the part of the federal government. It was only in Lagos that his plan of amalgamation was fiercely . Lugard In Nigeria: Report On The Amalgamation Of Northern And Southern Nigeria And Administration, 1912 19 (Library Of African Study)|Frederick John Lugard, Deutsche Romantik: Interpretationen|K J Heinisch, Get Together Student's assembly book|Frank Cooke, Discovering the Entrepreneur Within: Understanding the Entrepreneurial Process|SINCLAIR ROBERT F The amalgamation and administration of Northern and Southern Nigeria, 1912-1919; report by Sir Frederick D Lugard (100 pages, 2 maps) Date: 1919 April 9 The unification was done for economic reasons rather than political— Northern Nigeria Protectorate had a budget deficit; and the colonial administration sought to use the budget surpluses in Southern Nigeria to offset this deficit. introduction, the general character of Nigeria (p5), ethnography (p5), the advent of British rule (p6), character of British administration (p6), necessity of amalgamation, finance (p7), railways (pp7, 48-53), decision to amalgamate (pp7-8), method of . In 1912, Lugard was the governor of the two protectorates of north and south. The Amalgamation of Nigeria in 1914 by Lord Lugard | www.oasdom.com Northern Nigeria never liked the idea as they don't want to be influenced with the culture and the education of southern Nigeria while it was opposed by the educated ones in the south who feared that the laws in the north could become general. The ill-conceived connubial resolution that brought Southern Nigeria and Northern Nigeria together in 1914 is up till today being debated to be the basis of the problems we are facing […] HEAPS or Overall, the amalgamation was very beneficial politically and economically for Britain and her puppets from northern Nigeria. 19. Lord Lugard's amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria expires in 3 months time "Lord Lugard Created Nigeria to Last for 100 Years Only-IBB" . > amalgamation of the amalgamation of the entity Nigeria has EXPIRED and thus a the was. 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