'A Christmas Carol' is a widely studied book filled with memorable quotes. () The introduction of the portly gentlemen provide an opposition to Scrooge. The spirit of Christmas is personified in his open heart, open hand, and outstretched arm. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. This went against what Victorians considered to be a 'good death' where you die surrounded by friends and family and then are mourned afterwards. uses long and short clauses to show how busy they are. He teaches scrooge to learn from his mistakes of his past. Scrooge hung his head to hear his own words and was overcome with penitence and grief. Whoop! As a result of this he was damned to walk as a ghost chained with money boxes surrounding him. The verb forged shows skill and effort- Marley spent his whole life's time and effort in his greed so is suffering the consequences. The Spirits of all Three shall strive within me. The two children are the personification of man's ills - ignorance and want. A Christmas Carol Key Quotes and Analysis. Then write the form of that verb ``My little child!''. ``Are there no workhouses? I think this is why the character of Fezziwig exists to show that Scrooge is not representative of all the upper classes. Stave 1 - Scrooge's view of the plight of the poor The declarative 'will' conveys certainty showing how urgent it is that Scrooge change. As readers, Dickens is allowing us to reflect on how far Scrooge has come in learning the lesson - and perhaps asking us to reflect on our own learning. Hallo there! The adjectives: genial show his joy/ cheer, sparkling presents tense- has connotations of light and magic and open emphasises his generosity.Themes= greed and generosity/Christmas. The most clearly religious image though is how it wears a tunic of purest white, as though it is a pure, innocent Angel sent to guide him. Xmas Present - This makes scrooge realise that he needs to change or Tiny Tim will die young which is the one of the first stages of scrooges change. Stave 3 - Christmas at Fred's Losing a business partner around Christmas time could not have been easy. He spreads joy over all like a force of nature. 'a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner! Invite Scrooge to come for Christmas dinner 4. Whatever the book. Bob Crachit and the Cratchit Family Quotes, A Christmas Carol- The Ghost of Christmas Pre, 'An Inspector Calls' Key Quotations Analysis, myPerspectives: English Language Arts, Grade 7, myPerspectives: Grade 10, Volume 2 California Edition, myPerspectives, English Language Arts, Grade 8, California My Perspectives English Language Arts, Grade 9, Volume Two. Fire symbolizes emotion and warmth. Example: The scientist, along with her two assistants, (is, are) working on a computer simulation of earthquake activity. Hallo!" Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 5 It acts as a mirror for Scrooges wealth and position but also as a stark contrast in approach. ", "there's a cold within him" that "froze his old features", sociable- "wonderful party, wonderful games, wonderful unanimity". Any study of the time will tell you about the working conditions for the lower classes. People can change, but Scrooge has thus far been content with his situation. A happy New Year to all the world! 2. The onomatopoetic verb 'gasping' makes the reader explicitly imagine the death, suggesting struggle and pain. The verb sparkled has magical and positive connotations, shows Fred is the antithesis of scrooge. Given an unexpected opportunity to communicateperhaps as a Christmas miracleMarley feels determined to help Scrooge and he warns him here. He became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man, as the good old city knew, or any other good old city, town, or borough, in the good old world.'. A happy New Year to all the world. Home Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol Themes and Analysis. My life tends that way, now., Bob Cratchit about Tiny Tims grave: I wish you could have gone. 'This boy is ignorance.most of all beware the boy"-Stave 3-Ghost of Christmas present Metaphor. But as I know your purpose is to do me good, and as I hope to live to be another man from what I was, I am prepared to bear your company and do it with a thankful heart', Stave 1: 'He tried to say 'Humbug!' Total Abstinence Principle more hilarious punning from Dickens. A merry Christmas to everybody! In Victorian times, most of the readers would have been christian and would therefore heap additional judgement on Scrooge who needs to repent. The key theme for Dickens is that money does not lead to happiness, Greed is the single factor that is responsible for the breakup of Scrooge's marriage, 'Another idol has displaced me a golden one', Stave 2: 'The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it cost a fortune', The Cratchit family are used as a depiction of a family in poverty, More than any other time in history there was a huge divide between classes, the lower classes lived in deperate poverty and were in want while the upper classes enjoyed a life of luxury, Stave 1: 'Many thousands are in want of common necessities, sir and many hundreds of thousands are in want of common comforts', Scrooge's staff selling off his old goods, Victorian aristocracy were very keen to remain ignorant about the sufferings of the poor. Draw an arrow from each underlined word to the word it modifies. This girl is Want. These cover themes like wealth, poverty, Christmas, and kindness. Fred is unrelenting in his attempts to change his uncles way of thinking. A Christmas Carol Key Quotes Major Themes Major characters How to revise effectively Isolation and loneliness Ebenezer Scrooge One mistake people often make is to try to revise EVERYTHING. But he was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone, Scrooge! This may be a way of showing what Dickens thinks should be happening. Being such a short story there is very little that is extraneous. LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in A Christmas Carol, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. They were a boy and girl. Tiny Tim's comment is generous in spirit, seeing his disability positively as it will remind others of the true meaning of Christmas by allowing them to think of Jesus on Christmas day. "The noisy little Cratchit's were as still as status". Describes Fred, who is a symbol of Christmas spirit. - Scrooge, Ever idiot who goes around with merry xmas on his lips should be buried with a stake of holly through his heart, The use of nature with a type of plant typically seen around christmas time makes scrooges comment even more menacing saying that they should kill him with the very thing that is giving him happiness in that certain period.- Scrooge. The repetitive structure and short exclamations create the sense that he cannot put into words how happy he is. This is the image of rich men who are shown to ridicule Scrooge after his death.The rich are presented as unfeeling and callous- their physical ugliness reflects the lack of generosity in their spirits. This is another quote where Dickens draws on the semantic field of the cold weather. Dickens creates sympathy for the poor, through the Crachit's and their tight knit family. ". Theme= poverty/greed and generosity. as if its hold were of uncommon strength." Whatever the genre. "Every person has a right to take care of themselves. However, some of the scenes are to help develop Scrooges character and add backstory. With key quotes \u0026 analysis, this video provides an ideal format to gain a greater understanding of this novella in a matter of minutes. For characters like Fred and Bob Cratchit, Christmas represents the Christian ideal of goodness and moral prosperity, but Scrooge is at his most miserly when Christmas is mentioned. This quote from Fred shows him having opposing views to his uncle scrooge, Fred tries to make Scrooge someone who enjoys christmas however it is not him that makes scrooge appreciate it. The verbs suggest age, disfiguration and pain suggesting how unnatural their conditions are that have led to this. Her gown is poor but she is 'brave in ribbons'. This compares directly with the explicit description of Scrooge at the start of the novel where even beggars will not speak to him. He is described as been so dislike that even the weather is better in that at least it 'comes down' gracefully. This is fitting because it is traditionally colder at Christmas but also because the cold is an apt metaphor for Scrooges personality. Oh! This reminds us of Freds line during the beginning of the book a phrase that Dickens later called The Carol Philosophy: It is only during Christmas that we open our shut up hearts and think of each other as being fellow passengers to the grave and not other beings on some other journey. During this section, Scrooge is reminded that we all die in the end, it is the only sure thing in life, and that all we have to work with is the short time that we have down here. Accessed 4 March 2023. Stave 1 - why the portly gentlemen are collecting for the poor This scene is very clever as well because not only does seeing the Fezziwigs party give Scrooges character the chance to see how much power he wields and how that influence could be used but it also offers us the opportunity to see some of the aspects that shaped Scrooge into the person that he was. Themes= family/greed and generosity/ time. "If he be like to die, he had better do it, and decrease the surplus population." Stave 5 - pathetic fallacy Bob describes his crippled son. Dr Aidan, PhD, provides you with key quotes and analysis relating to the theme of 'Christmas'. Everyone is entitled to be a little happier on Christmas, and the Ghost of Christmas Present helps them to be so. To Kill a Mockingbird -Analysis of Major Characters. This is one of Freds lines, and it really helps to highlight the difference in viewpoints between Fred and his uncle. God save you! A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Version 1 December 2016 . Stave 3 - the ghost uses Scrooge's words against him It is this love that consoles him in stave 4 when Tiny Tim is shown to be dead, a long with the memories of Tiny Tim as a patient and loving boy. ', Where the portly gentlemen explain to Scrooge about the plight of the poor and the responsibility of the rich to deal with it, In Stave 5, Scrooge begins to redeem himself for all the terrible things he did in the past, Victorian society was still extremely religious at this point and they believed strongly in the impact of sin upon the treatment of one in the afterlife, The way that Scrooge worships money would have been considered as sinful at the time as it is in a way idolising something that is not the holy lord, Stave 5: 'that he knew how to keep Christmas well, if any man alive possessed the knowledge', Stave 1: 'A squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping clutching, covetous old sinner! 'The Ghosts' in A Christmas Carol (Key Quotes & Analysis) Dr Aidan 22.1K subscribers Subscribe 47K views 3 years ago Studying A Christmas Carol? Use if fairy tale convention, shows the story will have a magical ending. The metaphor shows that the school didn't help any student achieve their dreams, instead it destroyed their lives as they could not fulfil their potential. In defending Fezziwig, he is taught a lesson and makes him think about how he treats his clerk, leading to his second moment of regret in which he'd like to 'say a word to two' to Bob. Here, readers are exposed to the ghost of Christmas yet to come. The ghost breaks the news to Scrooge that the person whose death has been talked about so callously was his own. Dickens uses these characters to challenge popular preconceptions that the wealthy had about the poor - preconceptions which led to support for the poor law and the workhouses. If they would rather die, they had better do it and decrease the surplus population. It was a worthy place. Accessed 4 March 2023. The tremors of the great San Francisco earthquake that occurred in 1906 (was, were) estimated to have measured 8.3 on the Richter scale. Inclusive now of society - not isolated and solitary. The ghost of Christmas presents it sitting on a throne of food. Arguably, this is the most famous quote from A Christmas Carol. Bell, dong, ding; hammer, clang, clash! Of course, Dickens does use his trademark lengthy descriptions but nearly everything has a point. Refine any search. The idea that we are all 'fellow passengers' serves to emphasise the idea of the transience of life - we are all going to die some day so we are more similar than we are different. Scrooge's assertion that 'it is not my business' is challenged quickly by Marley's ghost whose view is that 'mankind' should have been his 'business. Dickens was openly opposed to this view and challenges it throughout the novella. "Are these the shadows of the things that Will be, or are they shadows of things that May be, only?". His selfish ways have left him this way. Stave 4 - the final ghost The ghost of Christmas yet to come is a symbol of the effect that memories have on someone as they age. Scrooge, showing that through the visits of the different ghosts he began to change more and more, as in stave two his "lip was trembling", but now he is having "a violent fit of trembling". Themes= Christmas/greed and generosity/family. " In Victorian times, the deceased were usually dressed in their best clothes for burial but here, Scrooge's clothes after death have been removed and sold for money. The last line of A Christmas Carol is God bless us, everyone. Its spoken by the well-loved character Tiny Tim. A Christmas Carol is a well-loved and commonly read novel that focuses on themes of Christmas and poverty. What I think is really clever is that the story is framed so that when we see the ghost of Christmas past, seeing the things that shaped Scrooge into the man he is at the beginning of the play starts to let us feel sympathy for him so that when he is offered a second chance as a reader, we are glad he gets to redeem himself. It is through your support of visiting Book Analysis that we can support charities, such as Teenage Cancer Trust. The portly gentlemen are also instrumental in delivering Dickens' message. The synonyms 'alone' and 'by himself' emphasise again the loneliness of the life he has chosen. The two children Ignorance and Want represents the attitudes of the rich to the poor in Victorian society. Stave 2 - the arrival of his sister, Fan ), phrases like holding a candle for someone mean to remember them, while candles are used in c. Scrooge finishes the stave by putting out the candle, which shows him symbolically putting down his past leaving behind the resentment he has harboured at having lost his childhood to neglect. Thus Dickens is ending with the message that we can all change our selfish ways and be a positive influence. I can't afford to make idle people merry.". Oh, no, no! The finger was still there. Compare the different settings in "Grape Sherbet" Describe each setting using details from the poem. The heaviest rain, and snow, and hail, and sleet, could boast of the advantage over him in only one respect. It would have done you good to see how green a place it is.". Studying Charles Dickens' 'A Christmas Carol'? The adjectives squeezing and wrenching, etc., relate to how one should imagine him with money, refusing to let go of his wealth. "I am light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel, I am as merry as a schoolboy. ", 'A frosty rime was on his head, and on his eyebrows, and his wiry chin. Themes= greed and generosity/ time. The use of light throughout the novel suggests the truth/ the right path which Scrooge at first does not want to see. The girl is want. said the Spirit, turning on him for the last time with his own words. Ideas about purgatory and hell would have been recognisable to the mainly Christian readership at the time - and would have made the allegory more frightening. Setting includes not only the physical surroundings, but also the ideas, customs, values, and beliefs of a particular time and place. They now drag him down in death, and hes forced to wander the earth, unable to undo what he did before. His most famous saying is bah humbug. He used it as an exclamation when he wanted to express his displeasure about something. "If these shadows remain unaltered by the Future, the child will die.". Oh, glorious! The adjective 'common' shows the reader that the poor only want those things which should be normal and available for all - the 'common' things rather than luxuries. We see when Scrooge is presented with the poor children (Want and Ignorance) how instinctively and perhaps despite his character that he is compelled to want to help. The description of the children is designed to shock the reader. On this page, readers can explore the quotes, they are broadly separated into a few sub-categories. 'Dressed out but poorly in a twice-turned gown, but brave in ribbons'. This poignant moment arrives when Scrooge is looking at Christmas yet to come. It is a dark, sad moment but Bob Cratchit handles the situation with grace and dignity. Dickens also suggests that, through his adoration of a false god, he is no longer a good christian. Who suffers by his ill whims? Themes= greed and generosity/time. A description of the school house that Scrooge was left in as a child, by his family. The adjective solitary and neglected highlight his feelings of loneliness and isolation, creating sympathy for him. () *The cold within him froze his old features, nipped his pointed nose, shrivelled his cheek, stiffened his gait; made his eyes red, his thin lips blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice. "Mankind was my business. It is uncared for just as he was uncared for, gasping out his last alone. The problem is internal, within Scrooges heart. Stave 3 - description of Mrs Cratchit The word 'business' reflects Scrooge's earlier response to the portly gentlemen. These compare with the bells at the start of the novel, signifying the hellish arrival of Marley's ghost. Scrooge is presented as a miserly character - his money does not even bring him any happiness. Dr Aidan, PhD, brings you the second video. 1. How does the speaker begin and end "Incident"? Stave 5 - description of Scrooge's redemption QUOTES THAT SHOW POVERTY IN A CHRISTMAS CAROL, Macbeth quotes, Key quotes from Macbeth, Macb, 2019 GCSE AQA Triple Higher Biology Paper 2 (, Paper 2 Chemistry Topics 6-10 TRIPLE AQA GCSE, Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar Grade 8, Grammar Exercise Workbook, myPerspectives: English Language Arts, California (Grade 9, Volume 1), myPerspectives: American Literature, California Volume 2, Holt McDougal Literature: American Literature Grade 11, Texas Edition. Themes= greed and generosity/ time. A Christmas Carol is the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, a stingy, cruel, wealthy, old bachelor.The book opens with a funeral. This mirrors the Victorian rich's attitude to the poor. Themes= time/Christmas/generosity and forgiveness. Who suffers? Without the trauma from Scrooges youth and the death of his sister, Fran, its unlikely that he wouldve become the person that he did. The common welfare was my business; charity, mercy, forbearance, and benevolence, were, all, my business. The book also explores what you might call the true meaning of Christmas and while this might not be true from a Christian standpoint, from a morality/spiritual view, you could claim that it really does help to make that point. No Way- he tells them that the poor should go and die then there would be less people in the world. Stave 2 - the Fezziwig's party The boy is ignorance. This quote is trying to say that Marley should've cared more about the people rather than his business - Marley, This opposes to the way that he conveyed his feelings to everyone at the start of the novel this shows his change and how he improved by the end, Therefore I am about to raise your salary, This shows a strong change in scrooges character as at the start of the novel with the 2 gentleman he was not willing to donate any money to them and now he is raising Bob Cratchits salary, This shows Tiny Tim's appreciation of Scrooge even when his mother doesnt think that scrooge deserves the praise, Another idol has displaced me a golden one. The style of A Christmas Carol is conversational and direct. When you analyse poverty in A Christmas Carol, you may want to reference the setting as well as using direct quotes from characters. You are changed. I am as giddy as a drunken man. Of course, there is still a massive equality gap between the rich and the poor. This is a great description, wanders around holding a candle snuffer that looks like a hat. Ultimately he tries to extinguish the ghost's light. There is no magic formula to revision but this three-point The ghost of christmas present is showing the two children that hide in his cloak and he says that the problems these children portray are the problems of mankind. He became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man, as the good old city knew, or any other good old city, town, or borough, in the good old world. jovial voice.". Part of the reason that A Christmas Carol is so widely studied is the abundance of different themes that it touches upon. Stave 4 - in the rag 'n' bone man's shop however, her reference to their father suggests that he had not been kind in the past, thus reinforcing our sympathy. Themes= greed and generosity/Christmas. In this case, Ebeneezer and Fezziwig are both business owners with employees, but where they diverge is in their treatment of others and in their outlook on life. I am as giddy as a drunken man. A merry Christmas to you.". The noun 'father' shows the idea that one laugh leads to another - happiness breeds happiness. Only financial gain. Stave 2 - Belle's husband tells Belle about seeing Scrooge. the adjective idle reveals scrooge believes the poor are lazy and are to be blamed for their own situation. I am as giddy as a drunken man., Scrooge was better than his word. He greets Scrooge with a drink that makes him feel good: the milk of human kindness though one could be forgiven for seeing an alcoholic connection and then takes him on a tour of Christmases around the country. Exhausted- "i cannot rest,i cannot stay, i cannot linger anywhere.". Fred represents the spirit of Christmas and carries Dickens' message about collective responsibility and how we should treat one another. The final ghost is by far the most scary of the three it remains silent throughout their time together, only standing by as a guide, and leaving Scrooge and the reader to work out the story himself. Leading up to this moment it appears as if Scrooge already fears that this is the case, but that does not detract from the tension that Charles Dickens can create here. Whoever the author.Discover new and exciting books to dive into with our Book Explorer Tool. Studying 'A Christmas Carol'? Beware them both, and all of their degree, but most of all beware this boy., Scrooge says to the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come: I am prepared to bear you company, and do it with a thankful heart., Two Business Colleagues: Its likely to be a very cheap funeral, said the same speaker; for upon my life I dont know of anybody to go to it., Scrooge to the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come: I see, I see. ffects the change, pulling the curtains aside with his own hand. By this stage, Scrooge has already begun to see the error of his ways and has realised that he will benefit from the messages he is receiving and so he begins to take agency over the situation. "The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it costs a fortune.". A description of the ghost of Christmas present. So we have tried where possible to focus on the most vital sections of the novella. I am as giddy as a drunken man. Of course, these changes seldom happen so quickly in reality and perhaps thats part of the reason that A Christmas Carol does not receive the critical acclaim that you could argue it deserves. Scrooge has been transformed - just as his room has been transformed by the arrival of the Ghost of Christmas present - and wants to learn. Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents. This symbolises his generosity and air of festivity. A description of scrooge as a young boy, he was left alone at school as others enjoyed their holidays. The ghost is dressed in green reminiscent both of the Green Man from Pagan mythology, and also the traditional character of St Nicholas or Father Christmas, who has more recently come to symbolise the holiday period. But I have made the trial in homage to Christmas, and. The dying fire at the beginning of the novel symbolizes Scrooges lack of either. The simile has a snake like connotations, Marley is a symbol of evil. Walled in by houses; overrun by grass and weeds. in Its progressive form. that this creature, who appears to be both young and old, is an image of Jesus who was a baby at Christmas and yet who, as the son of God, represents the divine wisdom that Christians worship. Flint is a type of ground that makes it difficult for life to grow kind of like how scrooges character allows no imaginations to grow. For example, the first ghost is a metaphor for how memories and the past shape ones experience, while the last ghost is a metaphor for death and ones legacy. Stave 2 - the spirit takes him to past Christmases including seeing Scrooge alone at school. When he sees Tiny Tim and his jubilance despite his disadvantages, Scrooge cannot help but feel compassion and by association guilt, as he has seen from the effect Fezziwg had on his staff that he could have a similar influence on Tiny Tim. The Fezziwigs throw a party and treat everyone the same - no matter their status. Themes= greed and generosity of the poor. This shows scrooges selfishness and his addiction to money with belle feeling replace with money she feels like she doesnt matter to him and that all he cares about is money. Scrooge makes explicit reference to the Malthusian idea that the population must decrease in order to create better conditions. A foil is a character who contrasts with another character (usually the protagonist) in order to highlight particular qualities of the other character. In many ways, it is the child who can most tug on Scrooges heartstrings. All rights reserved. The metaphor shows the are poor but make the best of a bad situation, always smiling and showing they are grateful for what little they have. Stave 3 - ignorance and want Then, identify each underlined word by writing above it ADV for adverb or ADJ for adjective. ". Glorious! Stave 2 - The first of the three spirits Bovey, Lee-James "A Christmas Carol Quotes " Book Analysis, https://bookanalysis.com/charles-dickens/a-christmas-carol/quotes/. Along with the words, 'sole' and 'solitary' used throughout the novel to suggest that each individual must take responsibility for his own choices - just as Marley is paying for his individual sins. A Christmas Carol is rarely classified as a gothic novel. I will not shut out the lessons that they teach. enthusiastic- "a merry Christmas uncle. " Scrooge entered timidly and hung . 'Long and wound about him like a tail made of cash-boxes, keys, padlocks, ledgers, deeds and heavy purses.'. With in-depth analysis, this video aims. 'A Christmas Carol' Key Quotations Stave 5 Analysis Term 1 / 5 "I am light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel, I am as merry as a schoolboy. Setting can help create an atmosphere or mood in a literary work. '', Stave 3 - the ghost uses Scrooge's words against him when he asks where there is refuge for the children, ignorance and want.

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